abstract：:Outbreaks of infection occur more often than they are reported in most developing countries, largely due to poor diagnostic services. A Klebsiella species bacteremia outbreak in a newborn unit with high mortality was recently encountered at a location being surveilled for childhood bacteremia. These surveillance effor...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Brinkac LM,White R,D'Souza R,Nguyen K,Obaro SK,Fouts DE

更新日期：2019-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Coxsackievirus typically infects humans via the gastrointestinal tract, which has a large number of microorganisms collectively referred to as the microbiota. To study how the intestinal microbiota influences enteric virus infection, several groups have used an antibiotic regimen in mice to deplete bacteria. These stu...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Woods Acevedo MA,Erickson AK,Pfeiffer JK

更新日期：2019-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Aspergillus species cause pulmonary invasive aspergillosis resulting in nearly 100,000 deaths each year. Patients at the greatest risk of developing life-threatening aspergillosis have weakened immune systems and/or various lung disorders. Patients are treated with antifungals such as amphotericin B (AmB), caspofungin...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Ambati S,Ferarro AR,Kang SE,Lin J,Lin X,Momany M,Lewis ZA,Meagher RB

更新日期：2019-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Buruli ulcer is a neglected tropical disease of skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection with the pathogen Mycobacterium ulcerans Many critical issues for disease control, such as understanding the mode of transmission and identifying source reservoirs of M. ulcerans, are still largely unknown. Here, we used g...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Vandelannoote K,Phanzu DM,Kibadi K,Eddyani M,Meehan CJ,Jordaens K,Leirs H,Portaels F,Stinear TP,Harris SR,de Jong BC

更新日期：2019-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The cell-to-cell heterogeneity in a bacterial population provides a rich response to environmental changes and robust survival of an isogenic population. Especially, the rare, extreme phenotypes can be important for survival under transient lethal conditions. We analyze the probability of having an extremely high or l...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Svenningsen MS,Semsey S,Mitarai N

更新日期：2019-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Sepsis caused by Gram-negative bacteria is the consequence of an unrestrained infection that continuously releases lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the bloodstream, which triggers an uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response leading to multiorgan failure and death. After scrutinizing the immune modulation exerted by a ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Ramos-Benitez MJ,Ruiz-Jimenez C,Rosado-Franco JJ,Ramos-Pérez WD,Mendez LB,Osuna A,Espino AM

更新日期：2018-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the genus Fibrobacter are cellulose-degrading bacteria and common constituents of the gastrointestinal microbiota of herbivores. Although considerable phylogenetic diversity is observed among members of this group, few functional differences explaining the distinct ecological distributions of specific phylo...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Neumann AP,Suen G

更新日期：2018-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The stability of the Escherichia coli populations in the human gastrointestinal tract is not fully appreciated, and represents a significant knowledge gap regarding gastrointestinal community structure, as well as resistance to incoming pathogenic bacterial species and antibiotic treatment. The current study examines ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Richter TKS,Hazen TH,Lam D,Coles CL,Seidman JC,You Y,Silbergeld EK,Fraser CM,Rasko DA

更新日期：2018-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonribosomal peptide synthases produce short peptides in a manner that is distinct from classical mRNA-dependent ribosome-mediated translation. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome harbors a nonribosomal peptide synthase gene, nrp, which is part of a gene cluster proposed to be involved in the biosynthesis of isonitr...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Bhatt K,Machado H,Osório NS,Sousa J,Cardoso F,Magalhães C,Chen B,Chen M,Kim J,Singh A,Ferreira CM,Castro AG,Torrado E,Jacobs WR Jr,Bhatt A,Saraiva M

更新日期：2018-10-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Grf10, a homeodomain-containing transcription factor, regulates adenylate and one-carbon metabolism and morphogenesis in the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans Here, we identified functional domains and key residues involved in transcription factor activity using one-hybrid and mutational analyses. We localized ac...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Wangsanut T,Tobin JM,Rolfes RJ

更新日期：2018-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Periodontal disease induced by periodontopathic bacteria like Porphyromonas gingivalis is demonstrated to increase the risk of metabolic, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorders. Although precise mechanisms for this connection have not been elucidated, we have proposed mechanisms by which orally administered periodonto...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Kato T,Yamazaki K,Nakajima M,Date Y,Kikuchi J,Hase K,Ohno H,Yamazaki K

更新日期：2018-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteria must sense alterations in their environment and respond with changes in function and/or structure in order to cope. Extracytoplasmic function sigma factors (ECF σs) modulate transcription in response to cellular and environmental signals. The symbiotic nitrogen-fixing alphaproteobacterium Sinorhizobium melilo...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Lang C,Barnett MJ,Fisher RF,Smith LS,Diodati ME,Long SR

更新日期：2018-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1128/mSphere.00393-18.]. ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Foe IT,Onguka O,Amberg-Johnson K,Garner RM,Amara N,Beatty W,Yeh E,Bogyo M

更新日期：2018-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Bifidobacterium species are important commensals capable of dominating the infant gut microbiome, in part by producing acids that suppress growth of other taxa. Bifidobacterium species are less prone to possessing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes (ARGs) than other taxa that may colonize infants. Given that AMR is ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Taft DH,Liu J,Maldonado-Gomez MX,Akre S,Huda MN,Ahmad SM,Stephensen CB,Mills DA

更新日期：2018-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Control and eradication of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) are impeded by the existence of a persistent, subclinical phase of infection in ruminants; animals with this status are referred to as carriers. However, the epidemiological significance of these FMD virus (FMDV) carriers is uncertain. In the current investigatio...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Arzt J,Belsham GJ,Lohse L,Bøtner A,Stenfeldt C

更新日期：2018-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is transmitted by female Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, mostly present in (sub)tropical regions. No antivirals are available to treat CHIKV infections. If antiviral drugs are proven efficient to treat CHIKV-infected patients, it will be pivotal to determine whether drug-re...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Delang L,Yen PS,Vallet T,Vazeille M,Vignuzzi M,Failloux AB

更新日期：2018-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is a facultative intracellular pathogen that invades and replicates within many types of phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells. During intracellular infection, S. aureus is capable of subverting xenophagy and escaping to the cytosol of the host cell. Furthermore, drug-induced autophagy facilitates t...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Bravo-Santano N,Ellis JK,Mateos LM,Calle Y,Keun HC,Behrends V,Letek M

更新日期：2018-08-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Shigella spp. are a major cause of diarrhea and dysentery in children under 5 years old in the developing world. The development of an effective vaccine remains a public health priority, necessitating improved understanding of immune responses to Shigella and identification of protective antigens. We report the develo...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Ndungo E,Randall A,Hazen TH,Kania DA,Trappl-Kimmons K,Liang X,Barry EM,Kotloff KL,Chakraborty S,Mani S,Rasko DA,Pasetti MF

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amino acids participate in several critical processes in the biology of trypanosomatids, such as osmoregulation, cell differentiation, and host cell invasion. Some of them provide reducing power for mitochondrial ATP synthesis. It was previously shown that alanine, which is formed mainly by the amination of pyruvate, ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Girard RMBM,Crispim M,Alencar MB,Silber AM

更新日期：2018-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Most observation of human respiratory virus carriage is derived from medical surveillance; however, the infections documented by this surveillance represent only a symptomatic fraction of the total infected population. As the role of asymptomatic infection in respiratory virus transmission is still largely unknown and...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Birger R,Morita H,Comito D,Filip I,Galanti M,Lane B,Ligon C,Rosenbloom D,Shittu A,Ud-Dean M,Desalle R,Planet P,Shaman J

更新日期：2018-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Clostridium difficile, also known as Clostridioides difficile, is a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that is a leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. C. difficile infections begin when its metabolically dormant spores germinate to form toxin-producing vegetative cells. Successful spore germination depe...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Diaz OR,Sayer CV,Popham DL,Shen A

更新日期：2018-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Cryptococcus neoformans and related species are encapsulated basidiomycetous fungi that cause meningoencephalitis in individuals with immune deficiency. This pathogen has a tractable genetic system; however, gene disruption via electroporation remains difficult, while biolistic transformation is often limited by lack ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Wang P

更新日期：2018-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Various Lactobacillus species have been reported to deconjugate bile acids in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) through the action of bile salt hydrolase (BSH) proteins. This function contributes to altering the gut microbiota composition and bile metabolism and detoxification and to lowering cholesterol levels. Here, ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： O'Flaherty S,Briner Crawley A,Theriot CM,Barrangou R

更新日期：2018-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptococcus pneumoniae two-component regulatory systems (TCS) enable adaptation and ensure its maintenance in host environments. This study deciphers the impact of TCS08 on pneumococcal gene expression and its role in metabolic and pathophysiological processes. Transcriptome analysis and real-time PCR demonstrated a...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Gómez-Mejia A,Gámez G,Hirschmann S,Kluger V,Rath H,Böhm S,Voss F,Kakar N,Petruschka L,Völker U,Brückner R,Mäder U,Hammerschmidt S

更新日期：2018-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental evolution is a method in which populations of organisms, often microbes, are founded by one or more ancestors of known genotype and then propagated under controlled conditions to study the evolutionary process. These evolving populations are influenced by all population genetic forces, including selection...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Cooper VS

更新日期：2018-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Opsonophagocytic assays are used to measure functional antibodies important in protection against pneumococcal capsular antigens. There have been efforts to standardize these methods, as the assays are commonly used to measure vaccine immunogenicity. We report here the results from three international laboratories usi...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Balloch A,Roalfe L,Ekstrom N,Nguyen CD,Spry L,Marimla RA,Licciardi PV,Goldblatt D,Mulholland EK

更新日期：2018-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Enveloped viruses require viral fusion proteins to promote fusion of the viral envelope with a target cell membrane. To drive fusion, these proteins undergo large conformational changes that must occur at the right place and at the right time. Understanding the elements which control the stability of the prefusion sta...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Webb SR,Smith SE,Fried MG,Dutch RE

更新日期：2018-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Female Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes, harbor a symbiotic bacterial community in a reproductive organ, the accessory nidamental gland (ANG). This community is known to be stable over several generations of wild-caught bobtail squid but has, to date, been examined for only one population in Maunalua Bay, Oah...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Kerwin AH,Nyholm SV

更新日期：2018-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are known to differ from those associated with non-CF hosts by colony morphology, drug susceptibility patterns, and genomic hypermutability. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from CF patients have long been recognized for their overall r...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Qin X,Zhou C,Zerr DM,Adler A,Addetia A,Yuan S,Greninger AL

更新日期：2018-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Competitive interactions between bacteria reveal physiological adaptations that benefit fitness. Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive species with several adaptive mechanisms for competition and environmental stress. Biofilm formation, sporulation, and motility are the outcomes of widespread changes in a population of...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Liu Y,Kyle S,Straight PD

更新日期：2018-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing evidence shows that exosomes are key regulators in cancer cell-to-cell communication. Several reports on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related malignancies demonstrate that latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) secreted by exosomes derived from EBV- or LMP1-positive cells can promote cancer progression and metastasis...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Kobayashi E,Aga M,Kondo S,Whitehurst C,Yoshizaki T,Pagano JS,Shackelford J

更新日期：2018-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged in the Americas in 2013. Limited antigenic variability of CHIKV and ZIKV may restrict urban transmission cycles due to population protective immunity. In Africa, sylvatic transmission cycles involving nonhuman primates (NHP) are known for CHIKV and ZIKV, causing ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Moreira-Soto A,Carneiro IO,Fischer C,Feldmann M,Kümmerer BM,Silva NS,Santos UG,Souza BFCD,Liborio FA,Valença-Montenegro MM,Laroque PO,da Fontoura FR,Oliveira AVD,Drosten C,de Lamballerie X,Franke CR,Drexler JF

更新日期：2018-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe a novel genome integration system that enables the introduction of DNA fragments as large as 50 kbp into the chromosomes of recipient bacteria. This system, named BPI, comprises a bacterial artificial chromosome vector and phage-derived gene integration machinery. We introduced the wbm locus of Bordetella ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Ishigaki K,Shinzawa N,Nishikawa S,Suzuki K,Fukui-Miyazaki A,Horiguchi Y

更新日期：2018-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The emergence of Cryptococcus gattii, previously regarded as a predominantly tropical pathogen, in the temperate climate of the North American Pacific Northwest (PNW) in 1999 prompted several questions. The most prevalent among these was the timing of the introduction of this pathogen to this novel environment. Here, ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Roe CC,Bowers J,Oltean H,DeBess E,Dufresne PJ,McBurney S,Overy DP,Wanke B,Lysen C,Chiller T,Meyer W,Thompson GR 3rd,Lockhart SR,Hepp CM,Engelthaler DM

更新日期：2018-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Malaria is a devastating illness that causes approximately 500,000 deaths annually. The malaria-causing parasite (Plasmodium genus) uses the process of translational repression to regulate its growth, development, and transmission. As poly(A)-binding proteins (PABP) have been identified as critical components of RNA m...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Minns AM,Hart KJ,Subramanian S,Hafenstein S,Lindner SE

更新日期：2018-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The rhoptry organelle is critical for the invasion of an erythrocyte by the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Despite their critical roles, the mechanisms behind their biogenesis are still poorly defined. Our earlier work had suggested that the interaction between the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Hallée S,Boddey JA,Cowman AF,Richard D

更新日期：2018-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examines the pharmacodynamics of antimicrobials that are used to treat Salmonella with each other and with key components of the innate immune system. Antimicrobial synergy was assessed using time-kill and checkerboard assays. Antimicrobial interactions with innate immunity were studied by employing catheli...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Sakoulas G,Kumaraswamy M,Kousha A,Nizet V

更新日期：2017-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)-Cas9 is a novel genome-editing system that has been successfully established in Aspergillus fumigatus. However, the current state of the technology relies heavily on DNA-based expression cassettes for delivering Cas9 and the guide RNA (gRNA) to the cell...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Al Abdallah Q,Ge W,Fortwendel JR

更新日期：2017-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat [CRISPR]-CRISPR-associated protein [Cas]) systems can provide protection against invading genetic elements by using CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) as a guide to locate and degrade the target DNA. CRISPR-Cas systems have been classified into two classes and fiv...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Guan J,Wang W,Sun B

更新日期：2017-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxalate, broadly found in both dietary and endogenous sources, is a primary constituent in 80% of kidney stones, an affliction that has tripled in prevalence over the last 40 years. Oxalate-degrading bacteria within the gut microbiota can mitigate the effects of oxalate and are negatively correlated with kidney stone ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Miller AW,Dale C,Dearing MD

更新日期：2017-10-18 00:00:00